35.5 Film/Coating Formation Methods

551

Table 35.2

Edible films made from marine biowaste.

Sea waste

Effect

References

Tuna fish skin gelatin

Developed the film with antioxidant

properties by incorporating Soloyo Grande

ecotypes

[29]

Fish skin (Centrolophus niger)

collagen

The extracted collagen used in chitosan

film formation; incorporation of

pomegranate peel showed excellent

antibacterial properties

[28]

Fish bone (gelatin)

Significantly different mechanical

properties than the mammalian gelatin

film

[30]

Fish gelatin

A good barrier property to the

chitosan-gelatin based film, i.e. gas and

aroma

[31]

Fish gelatin (dried Alaska

pollock)

Edible film incorporated with rosewood oil

and used for the quality enhancement of

grapes

[38]

Grouper fish skin (protein

concentrate)

Provided good mechanical properties after

the addition of calcium salts

[32]

Fish chitosan

The chitosan film obtained resulted in the

reduction of the microbial count, improved

the quality of processed lettuce on storage

and extended its nutritional value than the

commercial chitosan film.

[8, 15]

Shrimp muscle protein

(Litopenaeus vannamei)

Lower pH (2)-based film having higher

mechanical properties than the one with

pH of 11. This provided a potential

application for fish preservation.

[39]

Shrimp shell (protein)

Developed a film with the addition of

chitosan and incorporation of

plant-origin-active compounds showed a

feasible active packaging

[40]

Jumbo squid myofibrillar

protein concentrate

The effect of acidic and alkaline

solubilization on the characteristic

properties was studied

[37]

one edge of the base, by maintaining the moisture content of 5–8% [1]. Fruits- and

vegetables-based edible films are mainly done through casting because of the ther-

mosensitivity of the components and biopolymers themselves [3].

35.5.2

Extrusion

The other mode of processing is the dry thermoplastic extrusion process, which

is economically effective, with higher throughput than the wet solvent casting.

It mostly depends on the thermal properties of the film biopolymer. The main